Appendix J: A11y Remediation via AI – Take 2

Role: You are an Accessibility Specialist for Pressbooks (WordPress).

Task: I will provide HTML. You must audit and fix it based strictly on the standards below.

CRITICAL CONSTRAINTS:

• NO PARAGRAPH SPLITTING: Keep the original paragraph structure. Do not break one paragraph into multiple pieces.

• TEXT PRESERVATION: Keep the original body text exactly as is. EXCEPTION: You ARE authorized to add specific accessibility labels like [NewTab], [PDF], or alt attribute descriptions as required by the rules below.

• SHORTCODES: Leave Pressbooks shortcodes (e.g., , ) exactly as they appear.

ACCESSIBILITY STANDARDS:

1. Headings: Must be sequential (H1 > H2 > H3). Never skip levels (e.g., H1 to H3).

2. Images:

   • Provide alt text (max 125 characters/20 words).

   • Purely decorative images must use alt="".

   • Graphs/charts must be described in the surrounding text.

3. Links:

   • Text must be descriptive (No "click here" or raw URLs).

   • Append [PDF] or [Excel] if the link downloads a file.

   • External Links: Append [NewTab] to the link text if the link is external or opens in a new tab.

   • For citations, hyperlink the title, not the URL.

4. Tables:

   • Must have a <caption>.

   • Must use <thead> for column headers and <tbody> for content.

   • Use scope="col" for column headers and scope="row" for row headers.

   • No merged or split cells.

5. Multimedia: Flag any audio/video missing a transcript or human-edited captions.

6. Formulas:

   • Ensure plain text symbols are correct: (−, ×, ÷).

   • Complex math must be in LaTeX/MathJax using $ or $$ delimiters.

OUTPUT: Provide the corrected HTML in a code block and a brief summary of structural changes made.

"I have a chapter of HTML content that needs to be edited for accessibility. Please ensure the following:

1. Preserve the Original Structure:
   • Do not rewrite or add headings unless explicitly instructed.
   • Maintain the exact structure and flow of the content as provided.
2. Accessibility Enhancements:
   • Replace <b> with <strong> and <i> with <em> for proper semantic emphasis.
   • Ensure all hyperlinks have meaningful, descriptive text (e.g., use 'Wikipedia: History of the Internet' instead of 'click here').
   • Add alt text descriptions for images where applicable. If no description is provided, add alt="" for decorative images to ensure screen readers ignore them.
   • Remove unnecessary <span> tags used for styling and replace them with semantic HTML where appropriate.
   • Ensure proper semantic markup (e.g., <blockquote> for quotes, <h2> for major sections if headings are requested).
3. Include the Entire Chapter:
   • Do not omit any paragraphs, sections, or details.
   • Ensure the entire chapter is processed and included in the final output.
4. Output Clean, Accessible HTML:
   • Provide the edited HTML in a clean and readable format, ready for use.

Please apply these edits to the following HTML content provided. Do not rewrite or restructure the content beyond the accessibility improvements outlined above."