12 Starting with the End in Mind: Goals for your Students

When thinking about OER and pedagogy it is imperative to consider what you want your students to be able to do by the end of your course. What are the main things that they should be able to do by the time they are finished with the semester? At Penn State we have utilized Backwards Design thinking in our approach to open course transformations. On the next page is an open educational resource created by Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching. It walks through the steps of Backwards Design and the benefits of this concept.