Appendix C – Units And Conversion Factors

Appendix C

Units And Conversion Factors

Units of Length

meter (m)

= 39.37 inches (in.)

= 1.094 yards (yd)

centimeter (cm)

= 0.01 m (exact, definition)

millimeter (mm)

= 0.001 m (exact, definition)

kilometer (km)

= 1000 m (exact, definition)

angstrom (Å)

= 10–8 cm (exact, definition)

= 10–10 m (exact, definition)

yard (yd)

= 0.9144 m

inch (in.)

= 2.54 cm (exact, definition)

mile (US)

= 1.60934 km

Table C1

Units of Volume

liter (L)

= 0.001 m3 (exact, definition)

= 1000 cm3 (exact, definition)

= 1.057 (US) quarts

milliliter (mL)

= 0.001 L (exact, definition)

= 1 cm3 (exact, definition)

microliter (μL)

= 10–6 L (exact, definition)

= 10–3 cm3 (exact, definition)

liquid quart (US)

= 32 (US) liquid ounces (exact, definition)

= 0.25 (US) gallon (exact, definition)

= 0.9463 L

dry quart

= 1.1012 L

cubic foot (US)

= 28.316 L

Table C2

Units of Mass

gram (g)

= 0.001 kg (exact, definition)

milligram (mg)

= 0.001 g (exact, definition)

kilogram (kg)

= 1000 g (exact, definition)

= 2.205 lb

Table C3

Units of Mass

ton (metric)

=1000 kg (exact, definition)

= 2204.62 lb

ounce (oz)

= 28.35 g

pound (lb)

= 0.4535924 kg

ton (short)

=2000 lb (exact, definition)

= 907.185 kg

ton (long)

= 2240 lb (exact, definition)

= 1.016 metric ton

Table C3

Units of Energy

4.184 joule (J)

= 1 thermochemical calorie (cal)

1 thermochemical calorie (cal)

= 4.184 × 107 erg

erg

= 10–7 J (exact, definition)

electron-volt (eV)

= 1.60218 × 10−19 J = 23.061 kcal mol−1

liter·atmosphere

= 24.217 cal = 101.325 J (exact, definition)

nutritional calorie (Cal)

= 1000 cal (exact, definition) = 4184 J

British thermal unit (BTU)

= 1054.804 J[1]

Table C4

Units of Pressure

torr

= 1 mm Hg (exact, definition)

pascal (Pa)

= N m–2 (exact, definition)

= kg m–1 s–2 (exact, definition)

atmosphere (atm)

= 760 mm Hg (exact, definition)

= 760 torr (exact, definition)

= 101,325 N m–2 (exact, definition)

= 101,325 Pa (exact, definition)

bar

= 105 Pa (exact, definition)

= 105 kg m–1 s–2 (exact, definition)

Table C5

1. BTU is the amount of energy needed to heat one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit. Therefore, the exact relationship of BTU to joules and other energy units depends on the temperature at which BTU is measured. 59 °F (15 °C) is the most widely used reference temperature for BTU definition in the United States. At this temperature, the conversion factor is the one provided in this table.

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Chemistry 112 (Chapters 12-17 of OpenStax General Chemistry) Copyright © 2019 by Rice University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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