Appendices
Appendix G: Notes for the TI-83, 83+, 84, 84+ Calculators
Barbara Illowsky & OpenStax et al.
Quick Tips
Legend
[ ]
represents yellow command or green letter behind a key< >
represents items on the screenTo adjust the contrastPress , then hold to increase the contrast or to decrease the contrast.
To capitalize letters and wordsPress to get one capital letter, or press , then to set all button presses to capital letters. You can return to the top-level button values by pressing again.
To correct a mistakeIf you hit a wrong button, just hit and start again.
To write in scientific notationNumbers in scientific notation are expressed on the TI-83, 83+, 84, and 84+ using E notation, such that…
To transfer programs or equations from one calculator to another:Both calculators: Insert your respective end of the link cable cable and press , then [LINK]
.
Calculator receiving information:
<RECEIVE>
Calculator sending information:
<TRANSMIT>
.ERROR 35 LINK generally means that the cables have not been inserted far enough.
Both calculators: Insert your respective end of the link cable cable Both calculators: press , then [QUIT]
to exit when done.
Manipulating One-Variable Statistics
These directions are for entering data with the built-in statistical program.
| Data | Frequency |
|---|---|
| –2 | 10 |
| –1 | 3 |
| 0 | 4 |
| 1 | 5 |
| 3 | 8 |
To begin:
Turn on the calculator.
Access statistics mode.
Select <4:ClrList>
to clear data from lists, if desired.
,
Enter list [L1]
to be cleared.
, [L1]
,
Display last instruction.
, [ENTRY]
Continue clearing remaining lists in the same fashion, if desired.
, , [L2]
,
Access statistics mode.
Select <1:Edit . . .>
Enter data. Data values go into [L1]
. (You may need to arrow over to [L1]
).
Type in a data value and enter it. (For negative numbers, use the negate (-) key at the bottom of the keypad).
, ,
In [L2]
, enter the frequencies for each data value in [L1]
.
Type in a frequency and enter it. (If a data value appears only once, the frequency is “1”).
,
Access statistics mode.
<CALC>
.Access <1:1-var Stats>
.
Indicate that the data is in [L1]
…
, [L1]
,
…and indicate that the frequencies are in [L2]
.
, [L2]
,
Drawing Histograms
We will assume that the data is already entered.
We will construct two histograms with the built-in STATPLOT application. The first way will use the default ZOOM. The second way will involve customizing a new graph.
-
Access graphing mode.
,
[STAT PLOT]
-
Select
<1:plot 1>
to access plotting – first graph. -
Use the arrows navigate go to
<ON>
to turn on Plot 1.<ON>
, - Use the arrows to go to the histogram picture and select the histogram.
- Use the arrows to navigate to
<Xlist>
. -
If “L1” is not selected, select it.
,
[L1]
, - Use the arrows to navigate to
<Freq>
. -
Assign the frequencies to
[L2]
.,
[L2]
, -
Go back to access other graphs.
,
[STAT PLOT]
- Use the arrows to turn off the remaining plots.
- Be sure to deselect or clear all equations before graphing.
To deselect equations:
Access the list of equations.
Select each equal sign (=).
To clear equations:
Access the list of equations.
Use the arrow keys to navigate to the right of each equal sign (=) and clear them.
To draw default histogram:
Access the ZOOM menu.
Select <9:ZoomStat>
.
To draw custom histogram:
To draw box plots:
Access graphing mode.
, [STAT PLOT]
Select <1:Plot 1>
to access the first graph.
Use the arrows to select <ON>
and turn on Plot 1.
Use the arrows to select the box plot picture and enable it.
<Xlist>
.If “L1” is not selected, select it.
, [L1]
,
<Freq>
.Indicate that the frequencies are in [L2]
.
, [L2]
,
Go back to access other graphs.
, [STAT PLOT]
View the box plot.
, [STAT PLOT]
Linear Regression
Sample Data
The following data is real. The percent of declared ethnic minority students at De Anza College for selected years from 1970–1995 was:
| Year | Student Ethnic Minority Percentage |
|---|---|
| 1970 | 14.13 |
| 1973 | 12.27 |
| 1976 | 14.08 |
| 1979 | 18.16 |
| 1982 | 27.64 |
| 1983 | 28.72 |
| 1986 | 31.86 |
| 1989 | 33.14 |
| 1992 | 45.37 |
| 1995 | 53.1 |
The TI-83 has a built-in linear regression feature, which allows the data to be edited.The x-values will be in [L1]
; the y-values in [L2]
.
To enter data and do linear regression:
ON Turns calculator on.
Access graphing mode.
, [STAT PLOT]
Turn off all plots.
,
Access the mode menu.
, [STAT PLOT]
Navigate to <Float>
and then to the right to <3>
.
All numbers will be rounded to three decimal places until changed.
Enter statistics mode and clear lists [L1]
and [L2]
, as describe previously.
,
Enter editing mode to insert values for x and y.
,
To display the correlation coefficient:
Access the catalog.
, [CATALOG]
Arrow down and select <DiagnosticOn>
… , ,
Access linear regression.
Select the form of y = a + bx.
,
The display will show:LinReg
This means the Line of Best Fit (Least Squares Line) is:
The correlation coefficient r = 0.961
To see the scatter plot:
Access graphing mode.
, [STAT PLOT]
Select <1:plot 1>
To access plotting – first graph.
Navigate and select <ON>
to turn on Plot 1.
<ON>
Select the scatter plot.
<Xlist>
.[L1]
is not selected, press , [L1]
to select it.Confirm that the data values are in [L1]
.
<ON>
<Ylist>
.Select that the frequencies are in [L2]
.
, [L2]
,
Go back to access other graphs.
, [STAT PLOT]
To see the regression graph:
Access the equation menu. The regression equation will be put into Y1.
Access the vars menu and navigate to <5: Statistics>
.
,
<EQ>
.<1: RegEQ>
contains the regression equation which will be entered in Y1.
To see the residuals and use them to calculate the critical point for an outlier:
Access the list. RESID will be an item on the menu. Navigate to it.
, [LIST]
, <RESID>
Confirm twice to view the list of residuals. Use the arrows to select them.
,
Store the residuals in [L3]
.
, , [L3]
,
Calculate the (residual)2n−2. Note that n−2=8
, [L3]
, , ,
Store this value in [L4]
.
, , [L4]
,
Calculate the critical value using the equation above.
, , , , , [V]
, , [LIST]
, , , , [L4]
, , ,
[L3]
to 7.64. If the absolute value is greater than 7.64, then the (x, y) corresponding point is an outlier. In this case, none of the points is an outlier.To obtain estimates of y for various x-values:There are various ways to determine estimates for “y.” One way is to substitute values for “x” in the equation. Another way is to use the on the graph of the regression line.
TI-83, 83+, 84, 84+ instructions for distributions and tests
Distributions
Access DISTR
(for “Distributions”).
For technical assistance, visit the Texas Instruments website at http://www.ti.com and enter your calculator model into the “search” box.
Binomial Distribution
binompdf(n,p,x)
corresponds to P(X = x)binomcdf(n,p,x)
corresponds to P(X ≤ x)x
” parameter.Poisson Distribution
poissonpdf(λ,x)
corresponds to P(X = x)poissoncdf(λ,x)
corresponds to P(X ≤ x)Continuous Distributions (general)
Normal Distribution
normalpdf(x,μ,σ)
yields a probability density function value (only useful to plot the normal curve, in which case “x
” is the variable)normalcdf(left bound, right bound, μ, σ)
corresponds to P(left bound < X < right bound)normalcdf(left bound, right bound)
corresponds to P(left bound < Z < right bound) – standard normalinvNorm(p,μ,σ)
yields the critical value, k: P(X < k) = pinvNorm(p)
yields the critical value, k: P(Z < k) = p for the standard normalStudent’s t-Distribution
tpdf(x,df)
yields the probability density function value (only useful to plot the student-tcurve, in which case “x
” is the variable)tcdf(left bound, right bound, df)
corresponds to P(left bound < t < right bound)Chi-square Distribution
Χ2pdf(x,df)
yields the probability density function value (only useful to plot the chi2 curve, in which case “x
” is the variable)Χ2cdf(left bound, right bound, df)
corresponds to P(left bound < Χ2 < right bound)F Distribution
Fpdf(x,dfnum,dfdenom)
yields the probability density function value (only useful to plot theF curve, in which case “x
” is the variable)Fcdf(left bound,right bound,dfnum,dfdenom)
corresponds to P(left bound < F < right bound)Tests and Confidence Intervals
Access STAT
and TESTS
.
For the confidence intervals and hypothesis tests, you may enter the data into the appropriate lists and press DATA
to have the calculator find the sample means and standard deviations. Or, you may enter the sample means and sample standard deviations directly by pressing STAT
once in the appropriate tests.
Confidence Intervals
ZInterval
is the confidence interval for mean when σ is known.TInterval
is the confidence interval for mean when σ is unknown; s estimates σ.1-PropZInt
is the confidence interval for proportion.The confidence levels should be given as percents (ex. enter “95
” or “.95
” for a 95% confidence level).
Hypothesis Tests
Z-Test
is the hypothesis test for single mean when σ is known.T-Test
is the hypothesis test for single mean when σ is unknown; s estimates σ.2-SampZTest
is the hypothesis test for two independent means when both σ’s are known.2-SampTTest
is the hypothesis test for two independent means when both σ’s are unknown.1-PropZTest
is the hypothesis test for single proportion.2-PropZTest
is the hypothesis test for two proportions.Χ2-Test
is the hypothesis test for independence.Χ2GOF-Test
is the hypothesis test for goodness-of-fit (TI-84+ only).LinRegTTEST
is the hypothesis test for Linear Regression (TI-84+ only).Input the null hypothesis value in the row below “Inpt
.” For a test of a single mean, “μ∅
” represents the null hypothesis. For a test of a single proportion, “p∅
” represents the null hypothesis. Enter the alternate hypothesis on the bottom row.