Chapter 9: Anger

Subjective Feelings

Both Russell (1980) and Watson and Tellegen (1985) view anger as a highly arousing, unpleasant emotion (see Figure 1). Russell (1980) labels the emotion anger, whereas Watson and Tellegen (1985) label this emotion hostile.

Figure 1
Dimensional Models of Anger
Two Dimensional Models of Anger: The left model depicts anger between disgust and fear, indicating it is an unpleasant, activating emotion. The right model depicts anger as the word 'hostile' under the high negative affect label.
Note. Russell (1980) model is on left; Watson and Tellegen (1985) model is on right. Left figure reproduced from “Independence and bipolarity in the structure of current affect,” by L. Feldman Barrett and J.A. Russell, 1998, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), p. 970 (Independence and bipolarity in the structure of current affect.). Copyright 1998 by the American Psychological Association. Right figure reproduced “Toward a consensual structure of mood.,” by D.T. Watson and A. Tellegen, 1985, Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), p. 221 (Toward a consensual structure of mood.). Copyright 1985 by the American Psychological Association.

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